Why do people migrate from Uzbekistan?

People migrate from Uzbekistan for various reasons, often influenced by economic, social, and political factors. One of the main reasons is the search for better economic opportunities. While Uzbekistan's economy has been growing, wages and job prospects in certain sectors remain limited, prompting individuals to seek higher-paying jobs abroad, particularly in countries like Russia, South Korea, and Turkey.

Additionally, the slow transition to a market economy has resulted in high unemployment rates and dissatisfaction with living conditions, driving many to leave in search of improved quality of life. 

On the other hand, pull factors include the promise of higher wages, political stability, and better living conditions in destination countries. For instance, Uzbek migrant workers can earn substantially more abroad—up to $10-20 per day compared to around $130 per month at home. 

Furthermore, established migrant networks facilitate the migration process, making it easier for new migrants to find jobs and support. The impact of climate change and environmental degradation, particularly related to the Aral Sea crisis, also contributes to internal displacement and migration as people seek more sustainable living conditions. 

The complicated environment these elements collectively produce leads many Uzbeks to migrate both domestically and abroad.